小天鹅行为谱的初步建立

A Preliminary Study on ethograms of chinese Bewick's Swans

动物行为谱的研究内容是行为型式（ｂｅｈａｖｉｏｕｒａｌｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ）的描述，它的建立是一个十分复杂的过程．本文在对上海动物园自由生活小天鹅行为长达两年的观察基础上，对所遇见的主要行为用比较标准化的行为术语进行了定义、描述及分类．共区分和定义了３２个行为型式，可分成静止、社会、梳理、取食、运动五大行为类型．上海师范大学校基金资助，上海动物园协助完成．

Ethogram is a descriptive compilation of behavioral patterns of a given species, which is another basic subject in animal behavior study besides individual identification. According to the two year (1991～1993) observations on captivity-free Chinese Bewick's swans (Cygnus colubianus jankow skii or C c bewickii) in the Swan Lake of Shanghai Zoo, this paper described and defined their general behavioral patterns consisting of thirty-two behaviors, e. g. ' Lie ','Stand', 'Sleep', ect.. Again, these behavioral terms have further been defined and standardized to promote the development of ethograms on swans.