维持性透析与临床营养

Maintenance dialysis patients and clinical nutrition

慢性肾功能不全及维持性透析患者常并发蛋白质、能量营养不良,其原因包括代谢紊乱、激素异常、药物、原发疾病以及肾脏替代治疗多因素作用.患者营养不良状态可能影响康复和生活质量,并增加疾病的发生率和死亡率.因此,维持性透析患者必须摄入足够的蛋白质和能量,维持一个良好的营养状态.若出现营养不良,可对患者施行胃肠或胃肠外营养治疗.

Chronic renal failure and maintenance dialysis patients are associated with protein-energy malnutrition which may be a consequence of multiple factors including disturbances in metabolism. hormonal derangements, drugs, primary diseases and renal replacemant therapy. The malnutrition status of the patient may impair rehabilitation and the quality of life, and increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore maintenance dialysis patients must have adequate intake of protein-energy and maintain a better nutritional status. If malnutrition occurred, the enteral or parenteral nutrition may be used.