与花岗岩有关的成矿流体与成矿金属研究

GRANITE-RELATED MINERALIZING FLUIDS AND ORE-FORMING METALS:A REVIEW

虽然分异结晶和热重力扩散对花岗质岩浆结晶过程中成矿元素的相对富集有重要的影响，但在此过程中富水流体相的分离却显得更加重要，温度、压力、流体成分及水的绝对含量决定着亲花岗岩类元亲从熔浆中分离出来的量．流体中成矿元素主要以Ｃｌ￣－、Ｆ￣－、ＯＨ￣－、ＨＳ￣－等的络合物形式迁移，而其沉淀环境则介于岩石缓冲及流体缓冲条件之间。

Although fractional crystallization and thermogravitational diffusion are impor-tant in concentrating halogens and ore-forming metals during the crystallization of agranitic melt,the evolution of a separate,H_2O-rich aqueous phase is the most critic pro-cess in doing so. The amount of granophile elements which can be removed from the meltare mainly controlled by the temperature,pressure,and composition of the aqueous phaseand the absolute amount of water. Ore-forming metals are transported in the fluids in theform of complexes, with Cl￣-,F￣-,OH￣- and HS￣-being the most important anions. Thedeposition of these metals can proceed under any conditions between rock-buffered evolu-tion and fluid-bunered evolution.