浙江硅土及其开发应用

SILICEOUS EARTH AND ITS DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION IN ZHEJIANG

本文对浙江首次发现的余杭硅土矿的地质、矿物特征以及物理化学性质作了简要叙述，并概括了硅土、粉石英、硅藻土的基本特征与区别。对浙江硅土的研究与开发应用实践表明，硅土是一种优质的矿物（岩石）填料充填剂、颜料增强剂，已被橡胶、塑料、油漆涂料等工业作填料使用。在橡胶制品中可替代轻质碳酸钙和部分高耐磨碳黑；合成塑料中替代活性碳酸钙、活性硅灰石等；在油漆中替代沉淀硫酸钡和滑石粉。用硅土作填料，具有提高产品的性能和质量，可降低生产成本，增强企业活力。

Siliceous earth is a new industrial mineral material discovered in the early part of 1990's.There are obvious different characteristics in mineral composition, chemical cornposition, structureand genesls between siliceous earth and Tripoli or diatomaceous earth.Yuhang siliceous earth deposit is a new natural ultra-fine siliceous earth deposit discoveredfor the first time in Zhejiang. It occurs in the siliceous rock of Cambrian Hetang group, the ore-body displays occurrence in the form of beds, pralleling with the bedding plane, and its formationbelongs to the sedimentation - weathering genesis. It is mainly com posed of quartz (45-65%),illite (25-40%) and kaolinite (4-17% ). It shows a particle-sheet pileup structure, the particleminerals being quartz and the sheet being illite and kaolinite. The particles range 1 to 10um,showing the distribution of single peak. The chemical compositions are: SiO2 (68-81%), Al2O3(9-23%), K2O (2-4% ), and its whiteness is 45-61%, DPG is 2-5%, AOC is 24-33%.Studies show that Yuhang siliceous earth deposit is similar to Chuanshan deposit in Guangxi andNeugurg deposit in Germany, but different from Tripoli.Zhejiang siliceous earth has been developed into a high quality filler/extender. It can replacelight calcium carbonate and part high wearproof cabon black for rubber, replace activated calciumcarbonate and activated wollastonite ect. for synthetic plastics and replace precipitated barium sul-fate and talc powder for dark colour paint. The siliceous earth product as a filler can improve theproperty and quality of the finished preduct, reduce the production costs, and increase the vitalityof the enterprise.