不同剂量昆明山海棠对雄大鼠生殖系统的形态学研究

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF TRIPTERYGIUM HYPOGLAUCUM ON THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN MALE RATS

雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分成6组,二组对照,其余4组用昆明山海棠稀醇提取物(ATH)灌胃给药,每日分别为2.0g/kg;1.0g/kg;及0.3g/kg(二组),每周六次。用药6周至完全不育后剖杀用药的前三组及一组对照。取睾丸、附睾、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃,行常规HE及PAS+苏木素染色,部分鼠做DNA、RNA组化反应。取附睾尾评价精子数据。0.3g/kg组及另一组对照继续以每日0.2g/kg的维持量灌胃16周以保持不育,停药5周后证实其生育力恢复后剖杀,观察指标同前。结果表明:2.0g/kg组曲细精管平均损伤率为55.4%,1.0g/kg组曲细精管损伤明显少于前组(损伤率6.2％),小剂量鼠无论给药6周或22周睾丸和附睾形态与对照无异。结果提示:大鼠睾丸曲细精管的损伤范围和损伤的程度与ATH的剂量大小有关,而与作用时间的长短关系不大。最低抗生育剂量时,对ATH最敏感的部位是变态期精子细胞及附睾精子,以此剂量长期给药对睾丸附睾无明显影响,所致不育可以恢复。

Adult male SD rats were divided at random into 6 groups of 10 animals each. An alcoholic extract of the title plant (ATH) was given to 4 experimental groups p,o.at daily doses of 2.0, 1.0, 0.3 and 0.3 g/kg, respectively, for 6 weeks. The remaining 2 groups served as the control. All treated rats became infertile at the end of medication, and the first 3 experimental and 1 control group were sacrificed. Histological studies were done in all the groups on both the reproductive and somatic organs, whereas DNA and RNA observations were performed in the 1.0g/ kg (and control) group by histochemical techniques,In the fourth experimental group, a maintenance dose of 0.2g/kg/day was given for 16 more weeks.After that, ATH was withdrawn and fertility was recovered 5 weeks later. They were then sacrificed and examined as above.The mean rate of seminiferous tubular damage in the 2.0 g/kg group was 55.4%. Many tubules were atrophic and depopulated, leaving a single layer of cells consisting of spermatogonia and Sertoli cells.Large numbers of exfoliated cells, ghost cells and multinucleated giant cells and necrotic spermatozoa with their heads and tails separated were seen in the lumen.The seminiferous tubular damage in the l.0g/kg rats was only 6.2%; the DNA and RNA in the spermatids were found to be aggregated into clumps.In the low dose groups, including those treated for 16 more weeks with the maintenance does, the testicular histology was practically normal except some degenerative changes in the metamorphosing spermatids. No significant changes were seen in the somatic organs in all the groups.It is concluded that the most sensitive cell type to ATH seems to be metamorphosing spermatids and that fertility is reversible after long-term administration.