江苏省1983～1987年新登记麻风患者情况分析

Analysis of Newly Found Cases of Leprosy in Jiangsu Province from 1983 to 1987

江苏省1983～1987年共登记麻风患者1096例,每年平均发现219.2人,较1976～1979年减少了64.8％。其中男/女为2.9/1, BL～LL376例,占34.30％,多菌型比例较前上升;病期在2年之内者占68.00％,病期中位数为14个月,表明早期发现率较前提高;14岁及以下的儿童病人的比例占3.99％;自己报病、他人报病以及麻风专科门诊三者所发现的病人占发现总数的90.51％;有明确传染源者占27.01％,其中属MB者占69.86％,PB者占30.14％;家内传染者占44.59％。主要系父母子女的垂直传染。初诊时有皮损者占98.89％,神经受累占94.45％,有麻风反应者占20.98％;查菌阳性者占50.39％,阴性者占49.61％,平均B11.39;有特异性病理改变者占84.56％;Ⅱ级以上畸残者占35.03％。确诊至治疗的延迟期平均8天,受治率为99.62％,其中88.64％采用联合化疗,88.45％在院补治疗。近几年治疗及时,也很规则。作者强调必须对各级医务人民进行专业培训,争取更早期地发现和及时治疗病人。

One thousand ninety six cases of leprosy were found from 1983 to 1987 in Jiangsu province and on the average there were 219.2 new pa- tients detected out a year, which decreased by 64.8% as compared with that from 1976 to 1979.In these new cases, the proportion of male to female is 2.9 to 1 and MB are 376 (34.31%) being more than that in 1970' s. The cases with a disease duration of less than two years make up 68% of the patients. Child- ren under 14 years account for 3.94%. 90.5% of the cases are passively found. Those with an evident source of infection were 27.1%, of which 69.9% were MB and 30.1% were PB.At the time of dete- ction, there were slain lesions in 98.9% of the patients, nerve damage in 94.5%, lepra reaction in a 21%, positive smear in 49.6% with a mean BI of 1.39, specific histopathological change in 84.6% and deformities fo Grade Ⅱ andⅢ in 35%. Most of the patients (99.6%) received regular treatment the eighth day after dia- gnosed, of which 88.6% had MDT and 88.5% were at their homes. The authors emphasize the training of the medical workers at all levels for earlier detection of leprosy patients so as to treat them in time.