从国际市场演变探讨华茶的发展战略

Developmental Strategy of Chinese Tea in the View of Changes in International Tea Market

50年代以来世界茶业稳步发展,茶园面积和产量分别以2.39％和3.6%的速度递增、特别是1970—1987年产量增长更快;世界茶叶消费量虽也成倍增长、但生产国的消费增长速度超过纯消费国,致使茶叶出口商品率下降,茶价滑坡,成本上升,市场竞争激热。根据世界茶叶市场的变化和发展趋势,认为中国茶业的发展在战略上应致力于主攻质量,提高效益;巩固传统市场,主攻东欧市场,积极开拓新小市场;提高传统茶类品质,保持名牌产品信誉,发展深加工,开发新产品;讲究市场策略,试行公开拍卖交易;依靠科技进步,提高市场竞争能力。

Tea area and yield in the world was stably increased by the annual rate of 2.39% and 3.61% respectivly since the 1950′s. Authough world tea consumption was also increased by times, the rate of export quantity to total yield was decreased from 51.8% to 43.2% because the increase of domestic consumption in tea-producing countries was more than that in net tea-consuming countries. Decrease of tea price, increase of the cost of tea production and sharp competition in the world tea market are the general situation of world tea industry.According to the changes and tendency of world tea, a developmental strategy of tea industry in China is indicated: 1) to focus on the improvement of tea quality, 2) to stablize traditional market, to aim at east European market and to develop new small market,3)to stablize famous tea brands and to develop new tea products,4) to sell tea auctionally and 5)to strengthen tea research.