用化疗阻断钩虫传播方案的研究

STUDIES ON THE INTERRUPTION OF TRANSMISSION OF HOOKWORM INFECTION BY CHEMOTHERAPY

本文报告在20个具有不同梯度钩虫感染率的村,用噻嘧啶加左旋眯唑的化疗方法,作实现阻断钩虫传播阈值的方案研究。结果发现,居民感染率在10％以下的村,可以用1次普查普治加1～2次复查复治达到阈值;感染率在10～40％的村可以在一个非感染季节内进行2次普查普治加1～2次复查复治或在连续两个冬春各进行1次普查普治加1～2次复查复治以实现阈值;感染率在40～50％的村,可以在一个非感染季节进行2次普查普治加1～2次复查、复治再加非阳性者1次顿服噻嘧啶或在连续三个冬春各进行1次普查普治加1～2次复查、复治以实现阈值。感染率在50％以上的村,经连续3年各进行1次普查普治(其中80％以上的村作1次全民服药)加复查复治1～3次,虽居民感染率和感染度有显著下降,但仍未能达到阈值。

20 villages with different endemicity of hookworm infection in Jiangsu Province were selected for study of interruption of transmission by combined chemotherapy with pyrantel pamoate and levamisole. Results showed that interruption of transmission of hookworm infection were succesful in all villages with the prevalence rate below 50% by this combined chemotherapy, but the number of courses varied in villages of different endemicity. When the prevalence rate was below 10%, only one course of case-treatment together with 1~2 courses of retreatment within one noninfective season were required; when the rate was 10~40%, 2 courses of case-treatment together with 1~ 2 courses of retreatment in 2 successive years within one noninfective season were required; if the rate was 40~50%, 3 courses of case-treatment together with 1 ~ 2 courses of retreatment in 3 successive years or within one noninfective season were necessary; when it was over 50%, 3 courses of case-treatment together with 1~3 courses of retreatment could reduce the infection rate and egg count markedly but the ransmission could not be interrupted.