亚太地区博物馆与社会教育

Museums and social education in Asia and the pacific

本文为国际情协澳大利亚委员会主席、澳大利亚国家博物馆馆长唐·麦克迈克尔在国际情协第四届亚太地区大会上所作重点报告的讲稿。在该文章作者简单回顾了博物馆社会教育活动的历史,简述了博物馆开展社会教育的主要途径,方法。然后,他提出了“博物馆社会教育”的新概念,即它非一般知识性教育,而是一种特殊的、鼓励人们参与干部社会重大问题,改变人们对社会的看法的一种教育。此外,作者还分别就自然历史、文化历史、艺术、科技及社会历史类博物馆的社会教育目标作了分析和论述。作者所列举的来自澳大利亚,新西兰、印度及苏联的一些成功的博物馆展览及其在博物馆社会教育领域中的努力给读者以新的启迪。

This is the keynote speech delivered by Mr, Donald F. McMichael, chairman of the Australia National committee for ICOM and director of the National Museum of Australia, at the Fourth Regional Assembly of ICOM in Asia and the pacific. In his paper, the author briefly reviews the history of museums in social education and makes exposition of the main ways and approaches tor muscums to carry out social education. Then, he puts forward a new concept on museum social education, namely, it is not general knowledge education but a special education to encourage people involving in the discussion on some major social problems and change people's opinions about their society. Besides, the author also analyses and expounds the objective of social education in museums of natural history, cultural history, arts, science and social history. some successful exhibitions organized by Australia, New Zealand, India and the Soviet Union the author mentioned in his article and the efforts made by these countries in the field of museum social education give readers a new enlightenment.