山区公路水灾害评价体系框架的研究

Study on Framework of Evaluation System of Water Hazard in Mountainous Highway

为了提高山区公路抗水灾能力,在实地调查、研究基础之上,详细阐明了山区公路水灾害评价中危险性、易损性、损失、风险、减灾效益等基本概念。提出了山区公路水灾害评价系统应由危险性评价、易损性评价、风险评价及减灾效益评价4部分构成,而对于路网水灾害评价应由点、线、面构成,首次建立了完整的三维评价体系。指出对已有公路的防排水与抗水毁能力的工程评价,是水毁防治工程投资决策的重要依据,应作为重点进行研究。对于路网水灾害评价,应侧重于点(点单元)评价,适当考虑线评价。最后,从致灾因子、承灾体、灾情及防灾减灾4个方面构建了公路水灾害评价基本模型。

In order to improve the anti-water hazard ability of the mountainous highway, the basic concepts included in the risk evaluation system of water hazard, such as danger, vulnerability, loss, risk and benefit, have been explained in detail on the basis of site investigation and research. The proposal that the system should include hazard evaluation, vulnerability evaluation, risk evaluation and disaster reduction benefit evaluation is put forward. And the water hazard evaluation system of road net should be laid on the points, lines and sections. A three-dimensional hazard evaluation system has been established first time. Meanwhile, it is pointed out that the engineering evaluation of the ability of waterproof, drainage and antiwater hazard of current road is an important basis of the investment decision of washout protective project, which should be paid enough attention. The evaluation should lay particular emphasis on sites, considering lines appropriately. At last, the basic evaluation models are set up from four aspects, including hazard factors, hazard bodies, hazard situation and hazard reduction.