小麦粒叶比的研究

A Study on the Grain-leaf Ratio of Wheat

粒叶比是衡量单位叶面积光合生产力的综合性状。5年的试验结果分析表明,小麦粒叶比与单株产量和群体产量有一定的正相关,在品种之间存在遗传差异,但基因型—环境互作效应不明显,具有相对的稳定性。双列杂交F_1和F_2代的遗传分析表明,粒叶比符合简单的加显—显性模型,且为部分显性,其高值与隐性基因相联系,遗传方差中加性分量占主要优势,广义遗传力(>90％)和狭义遗传力(>80％)均较高,因此,在早代选择应是有效的。最后对粒叶比在小麦育种中的应用作了讨论。

The grain-leaf ratio is a comprehensive trait estimating photosynthetic productivity of per unit leaf area.The results through five-year study show that the grain-leaf ratio of wheat has mostly positive associations with grain weight parsingle plant yield and population yield. The genetic differences of it occur among varieties,but the genotype-environment interactions are not significant,showing a relative stability. The genetic analyses of F_1 and F_2 from a half—diallel cross indicat that the grain-leaf ratio reveals the adequacy of the simple additive-dominance model, being partial dominance.The high value of the character is governed by recessive alleles,and the additive effect is predominant in genetic variance. Both the broad sense heritability and the narrow sense heritability are high, so it is effective to select at early generation.