小麦品质性状与产量性状协变关系的研究

Study on Covariant Relationship between Yield Character and Quality Character in wheat

选用4个冬小麦丰产亲本、4个优质亲本,采用品质改良中常用的4种杂交方式组配成16个遗传分离群体,借助于简单相关分析、排序分组--极差中心化分析,对品质性状与产量性状之间的协变关系进行研究,结果表明:(1) 抽穗期在大多数遗传分离群体中可作为沉淀值的间接选择性状;(2) 建议黄淮中部小麦蛋白质含量的育种目标以不超过14%(湿基)为宜,这一生态区品质改良的重点应以提高沉淀值为主:(3) 蛋白质产量的选择在大部分情况下不会导致蛋白质含量的下降,在少数情况下可能会出现这种趋势,在个别情况下则可能有助于提高蛋白质含量;蛋白质产量的改良对沉淀值的提高无效,但也一般不会导致下降:(4) 蛋白质含量在同等饱满度水平上的比较有助于发现真正的胚乳高蛋白基因;(5) 极差中心化分析具有反映多变量协变关系一般趋势和特殊趋势的功能,同时又具有直观而综合的特点,在品质性状的选择研究中,可借助于这种方法研究对其中一个性状进行选择时,其他性状的协变趋势。

By means of simple correlation and range-centralization analyses,16 gene- tic segregated populations made out of 4 high yield parents and 4 high quality parents in winter wheat were investigated in the light of the covariant relatio- nship between the quality character and yield character.The results show:The heading data could possibly be used as indirect selection character of the sedi- mentation value in most genetic segregated populations.Protein contents of the wheat grain should not be higher than 14%(wet basis)in the Mid-Huang-Hu- ai River region.The selection of the protein output doesn't result in the redu- ction of protein contents.Comparing protein contents with the same seed plum- pness level helps identify the real gene which affects protein contents of the endosperm.The range-centralization analysis fulfils a function to show the ge- neral trend and specific trend among the covariances of multivariables.