导管架上驳过程中的压载调整和强度分析

Ballast adjustment and strength analysis during loading-out of jacket

制造大、中型导管架时,先在岸边平地上铺设两条平行滑道。导管架在两条滑道上总装后,用顶推或拉曳的方法将其移上驳船。导管架由陆地装上驳船的过程称为上驳。上驳时,由于导管架重心不断移动,潮位连续变化,需要调整驳船压载来保持驳船与陆地齐平的浮态,以保证上驳的顺利进行,因而事先应根据潮位变化和设备能力确定移进速度,安排好压载调整计划。由于导管架结构重量大,上驳时陆地滑道的沉降将随着导管架的移进不断变化;驳船的浮态也将随着导管架对驳船的作用力、潮位和压载调整的变化而变化。显然,对于这样一个受多种因素影响的动态系统,压载系统很难保证其绝对平衡。如果驳船滑道面与陆地滑道面不齐平,将引起导管架局部作用力和节点应力的增大。水平差是由于压载不准确造成的,也就是说压载误差将影响到结构强度。

This paper describes briefly the ballast adjustment when the jacket is being loaded out onto the barge, examines how to determine the load-out options with linear programming, sets up a simplified model for calculating jacket stress by the use of leverage structure theory, puts forward a method for analysing strength sensitivity, represents the way to control the jacket strength through the control of ballast deviations, and finally discusses the monitoring and control of loading-out operations.