临床厌氧菌的分离和鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Clinical Anaerobic Bacteria

我们从口腔、胸部、腹部和盆腔等处采集了110份临床感染标本,以自制的输送培养基立即送实验室,在厌氧手套箱(霍尔玛厌氧系统1029型)或Gas-pak罐中,行厌氧菌的分离和培养,其中64份标本检出厌氧菌,阳性率为58％。临床标本中牙周炎标本厌氧菌检出率高达100％,牙髓炎标本为85％,阑尾脓肿和腹膜炎标本为83％,胆道标本为39％,脓胸标本为57％,盆腔标本为33％,早期单纯性阑尾炎和甲状腺囊肿合并感染的标本各5份,都未检出厌氧菌。从64份阳性分离的标本中共分离到厌氧菌370株,经鉴定分别属于11个菌属32个菌种(未定种的有74株),其中类杆菌最多占45.9％(类杆菌属中脆弱类杆菌占37.6％),次为梭杆菌属和消化链球菌属,各占15.1％。革兰氏阳性无芽胞厌氧菌占8％左右,而梭菌属为8.9％,其余是二氧化碳噬纤维菌属(2.9％)、韦荣氏球菌属(1.3％)、链球菌属和纤毛菌属(1.5％)等。在厌氧菌鉴定中,我们使用了微量生化直接酶测定技术和代谢产物的气相色谱分析技术,这些方法在厌氧菌鉴定中比常规方法敏感且有较大的价值。

One hundred and ten clinical specimens from mouth, thoracic cavity, pelvis and abdominal cavity were collected. These specimens were transoorted in sutable medium & brought immediatly to our laboratory and anaerobic microorganisms were isolated and cultured with the aid of anaerobic glove box (Forma Anaerobic System, Model 1029) or Gas-Pak method. Among 110 specimens, anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 64 specimens, the frequency of isolation was 58%. Positive rate reached 100%,;in periodontitis, 85% in pulpitis, 83% in appendicil abscess and peritonitis, 39% in specimens from biliary tract, 57% in empyema of the chest, 33% in pelvic peritonitis. Anaerobic bacteria were not found in early stage of acute appendicitis and cystic goiter complicated with infection of five cases respectively. 370 strains of anaerobic bacteria were isoslated from 64 positive cases in clinical specimens. They belong to 11 genera and 32 species (74 strains unidentified). Among them, the most frequently seen were Bacteroides 45.9％ (B.fragilis were 37.6％ in Bacteroides), next, Fusobacterium and Peptostreptococeus, both of them, 15.1％. Gram-positive non-sporing bacteria 80％, Clostridium 8.9%, besides, Capnocytophaga (2.9％),veillonella(1.3％), streptococcus and Leptotriehia (both 2.9％)etc. In the direct method of micro-biochmical determination for enzyme and GLC in analysing the metabolic products. These methods were found sensitive & more valuable in indentification of anaerobic bacteria than conventional Lab. methods.