克勒青河的冰川地质与地貌

Glacial Geology and Geomorphology in Shaksgam Valley

本文通过实地考察并参考前人资料,对人迹罕至的叶尔羌河上游克勒青河的冰川地质、地貌进行了全面论述.这里新构造运动强烈,形成高山峻岭,现代冰川发育,冰塔林立冰湖分布其间,是我国现代冰川分布范围最大的地区。目前由于雪线上升,冰舌后退,予计50年后对冰川堵塞河道的突发性洪水灾害将消失。

Shaksgam Valley is the largest tributary in Yarkand River.The neotectonicmovement in Shaksgam Valley is rather strong, which formed high mountainand deep valley, and the largest difference between them is about 4500m. Theancient glaciation is very developed: the Early Pleistocene till is distributed inTue-Fen Shan which is 1000-1100m high, above the river bed; middlePleistocene till is in Ma-an Shan, which is 500-600m high above river bed;There are two period glaciations in Late pleistocene , and the till which has aheisht about 200-300m high above river bed are distributed in two banks ofShakgam Valley; the till of little Ice age is about 10-13km away from modernglacier. the modern glaciation is also developed. but now, the snowline is go-ing up, and the thickness of modern glacier is going down, which makes theglacier outburst flood decreases.