福建省儿童麻风的分析

Analysis of childhood Leprosy in Fujian

福建省共发现0～14岁的儿童麻风3299例,其初发部应以下肢最多见(34.7％),其次为上肢(25.1％);多菌型以头面部多见(30.1％),初发损害性质以浸润或红斑为多;少菌型以红斑、色素减退斑和斑块多见。儿童麻风发病与人口中麻风的流行情况相伴,即儿童发病数与当地麻风的发病率、患病率呈正相关。少菌型儿童麻风被发现时,有单个皮损者占32.5％,病期在2年以内者占42.95％,两者都高于成年麻风。再者儿童麻风的畸形率(17.4％)低于成年麻风,这都表明儿童麻风较容易早期发现。儿童麻风治愈平均所需时间,多菌型为86个月,少菌型为54个月,复发率为1.8％。

Among 3299 children with leprosy detected in Fujian Province, most of the first skin lesions are on the lower extremities (37.4％) followed by the upper extremities (25.1％). In the multibacillary forms, most of the first lesions are erythema or infiltration on the face (30.1％), and in the paucibacillary forms they are erythema, depigmentation and plaque. The incidence of leprosy in children is parallel with the endemic grade of leprosy in the population, i. e. the incidence rate in the children is in positive correlation with the incidence and prevalence of leprosy at the given place. When the paucibacillary leprosy in the children is detected, the patients with only single skin lesion account for 32.5 per cent and those with a duration of the disease less than two years are in 42.95 per cent, both higher than those n the adult. The rate of deformity in children is lower, which shows that childhood leprosy is easily detected in its earlier stage. The time needed for treatment until cure averages 86 months in the multibacillary and 54 months in the paucibacillary form; The relapse rate in these is 1.8 per cent.