西藏天然草地主要禾本科牧草的生态地理特征及其饲用价值

ECOLOGIC-GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES AND FOOD VALUE OF MAJOR GRAMINEAL FORAGES IN NATURAL GRASSLANDS OF XIZANG

西藏禾本科植物约104属335种,它们的来源、产地以及生态地理分布各异,皮映出西藏禾本科植物区系的丰富性。在天然草地中占据着重要位置的禾草约50属150余种,其中部分种起建群作用,大多数则为优势、亚优势或伴生种。这些牧草具有较高的营养价值和较好的适口性,是西藏放牧家畜的主要饲草来源。某些品质优良的禾草可在当地栽培驯化。本文采用了SCHNEIDER的研究方法,用公式计算了28个禾草样品的消化率和总消化养分,可作为牧草饲用评价的参考指标之一。

In Xizang, there are about 104 genera, 335 species in Grass family. They are from different regions, have different growing areas and possess different ecologic-geographic distributions, reflecting richness in Gramineae flora of Xizang. In the natural grasslands, the major forage grasses occupying an important position are about 50 genera, 150 species. Part of them play constructive role, and most of them are dominents, subdominents or companious. They possess higher nutritive value and good palatability, which are major sources of forages for tibetan grazers. Some native grasses that have fine qualities can be domesticated into cultivars. In this article, the author adopted SCHNEIDER'S method,and computed by formula nutritive digesti-bilities and total digestible nutrients of 28 forage grass samples that can be regarded as one of indexes to evaluate qualites of forage grasses.