小麦赤霉病药剂防治技术研究

A STUDY OF CHEMICAL CONTROL TECHNIQUE TO FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT IN WHEAT

1985～1988年田间试验和示范结果表明,陕西关中灌区施用多菌灵和甲基托布津防治小麦赤霉病的适期为齐穗至花后5天,适期一次喷药即可控制为害。80％多菌灵微粉剂的适宜用量为50g/亩,70％甲基托布津为50～70/亩。选择药剂和剂型的主要依据是其适配的喷雾方式。低量喷雾省水、工效高。机动低量喷雾每天实喷50～70亩,手动低量喷雾15～20亩,前者有效喷幅4m,后者2～2.5m,用水量应在10kg/亩以上。大面积防治实践表明,药剂防治简便易行,效果稳定可靠。

Field demonstration and experiments in 1985-1988 indicated that the optimum period for the application of systemic fungicide,carbendazim or thiop-hanatc-methyl to control to Fusarium head blight of wheat (Fwsarzwm grami-nearum Schw.) was between heading and 5 days after full blossom. The target disease can usually .be controlled by one single application at the optimum period in the irrigated area of Central Shaanxi.The optimum dosages of carbendazim 80% Fine WP and thiophanate-methyl 70% WP recommended were 50g/mu(666,6mz^and 50-70g/mu,respectively.These dosages can be modified based on plant densities,cultivars and severity of infection. The bases for fungicide and formulation selection is in correspondence with their sprayingpatt-erns.Low volume application can save water with high efficiency. Low volume application by power sprayer was 50-70mu per day while that by hand sprayer 15-20mu per day. The effective spraying was 4m in width for the former and 2, 5m in width for the latter. Minimum application rate was 10kg spraying suspension per mu, Large-scale application demonstration indicated that the technique recommended is easy to use, and the results are effectiv e, stable and reliable.