乙型肝炎病毒宫内感染的发生率和机理

Occurrence and Mechanism of Intrauterine Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

本文对乙型肝炎病毒宫内感染的发生率及机理进行了研究。24例HBsAg阳性母亲的新生儿中,5例脐血AntiHBc-IgM阳性,1例引产儿肝组织HBV-DNA阳性(斑点杂交法)。宫内感染率为6/24(25.0％)6例母亲全无先兆流产及/或先兆早产病史。斑点杂交法检测24例HBsAg阳性母亲胎盘组织HBV-DNA,阳性23例。实验结果表明宫内感染发生率较高。胎盘组织可受HBV感染。母血漏入并非宫内感染的唯一途径。

Twenty-four neonates born to HBsAg carrier mothers were tested by ELISA, RIA and dot blot hybridization for the presence of HBV markers in the cord blood. Placental tissue samples from 24 HBsAg carrier mothers were detected for HBV-DNA by dot blot hybridization using 32P-labelled cloned HBV-DNA as a probe. The results showed that antiHBc-IgM were found in the cord blood of 5 infants born to 5 HBsAg carrier mothers who were negative for antiHBc-IgM. HBV-DNA was found in one liver tissue sample from an aborted fetus of a HBsAg carrier mother. Thus, 6 neonates were infected in uteri among 24 neonates (6/24,25%).23 placental tissue samples were found to be HBV-DNA positive among 24 placental samples from HBsAg carrier mothers, indicating that placental tissue could be infected by HBV. All 6 mothers of intranterine infected infants had no history of threatened abortion and / or threatened premature labor. Placental leakage is not the only route of intrauterine infection.