黄海冷水团的变化特征

THE VARIATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HUANGHAI SEA (YELLOW SEA) COLD WATER MASS

本文根据1957—1967,1972—1973和1975—1985这24年的温、盐度资料,利用“相似系数”法分析了夏季(8月)黄海冷水团分布范围、低温中心、体积和温、盐特性的多年变化。结果表明,黄海冷水团的分布范围具有比较明显的年间变化,强年的“相对体积”约为弱年的2.2倍。黄海冷水团的温、盐性质比较稳定,多年最大变幅分别为7.7℃和2.58‰。三个低温中心温、盐度的多年变幅,盐度以北黄海低温中心为最大(约1‰),温度以南黄海西侧低温中心最显著(3.51℃);而南黄海东侧低温中心温、盐度的变幅最小,分别为1.58℃和0.63‰。

Based on the 24 years'data of the temperature and salinity, the secular variations of the distribution range, the center of low temperature, the volume, the temperature and salinity characteristics of the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass in summer (Aug.) are determined with the 'similar coefficient' method in this paper. The results show that the distribution range of the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass has the distinct secular variations and its 'relative volume' in the stronger year is 2.2 times that in the weaker year; the characteristics of the temperature and salinity are stable relatively; the secular variations of the temperature and salinity are 7.7℃ and 2.58‰. The biggest variation of the temperature and salinity among the three centers of low temperature are 3.51℃and 1% which appear in the west part of the south Huanghai Sea and the north Huanghai Sea, while the smallest are 1.58℃and0.63‰which appear in the east part of the south Huanghai Sea.