相声语言艺术浅谈

On the Art of Speech of Chinese Cross Talk

相声是民间艺术中绚丽的花朵,作为一门独特的语言形式,以其较强的口语化特点形成一些与书面语言相异的艺术特色。它必得让观众笑,在笑声中惩恶扬善,得到美的享受,所以动用一切手段,创造出幽默与讽刺的语言风格。在此基础上,又因其语言的特殊性,相应地产生一些只在相声语言里才能出现的修辞手段,本文撮举出的省略与故意说错即是其中两种,借以提炼笑料构成包袱,在听众的笑声中完成讽刺针砭丑恶社会现象、昭示人物性格缺陷来促人改正,以及弘扬民族文化的任务。

Cross talk is a colorful form of Chinese folk art.Colloquialism features its style of presentation,which is markedly distinct from written language,it has to provoke laughter from its auditors so that its moral of encouraging the good and warning against the evil easily comes through to them as they are lost in aesthetic enjoyment.Therefore it is obliged to use all sorts of rhetorical devices to create humour and irony,and given the characteristics of its language,it resorts to some devices which are alien to other forms of art.Ellipsis and deliberate wrong statenment,which this paper singles out for discussion,are two of them.Both devices are used to enhance the eomicality of the laughing-stock so as to fulfil the purpose,amidst the laughter of the auditors,of ridiculing and flailing at social evits,exposing human frailties for correction,and enriching national culture.