对气候变化、空气污染与能源安全采取行动

Taking Action on Climate Change,Air Pollution and Energy Security

燃烧矿物燃料(煤炭、石油与天然气)引起了三个全球性问题。这些问题必须通过各国长期控制大气污染与能源战略才能得到解决。现就这三个问题简述如下:(1)温室效应及气候变化与大气中的二氧化碳、甲烷、氟氯烃(CFCs)、一氧化二氮、臭氧及其它吸热气体有关。除氟氯烃外,其它气体都与燃烧矿物燃料有关。(2)地区性与区域性大气污染,特别是城市大气中的臭氧与一氧化碳浓度升高后,会影响人体健康。大气污染物长距离输送后(主要是臭氧与酸性沉降物),可以酸化水源、湖泊、土壤,危害水生生物、破坏森林,毁坏建筑物与文物古迹等。

The burning of increasing amount of fossil fuels has caused three global issues:green-house effect and climate change;air pollution which affects human health as a result of the higher concentration of ozone and carbon monoxide in cities,causes acidification of lakes,rivers and soil and damage to building materials,forests and aquatic ecosystems because of the long- distance transport of acid precipitation;possibility of oil reserve crisis be- cause industrial nations import large amount of oil.These three issues are related.Therefore,their solution is to increase the energy efficiency,reduce the energy consumption of industrial products,change the energy structure and especially develop renewable energies and second generation of nuclear power.