城市自然灾害的研究

RESEARCH ON URBAN NATURAL HAZARDS

我国绝大部分城市始建于1000～2000年以前,随着自然环境、地质地貌的改变,经常受到风沙尘暴、洪涝、滑坡、泥石流、地裂地陷、地面沉降、地震、海啸、海浸、酸雨、高温等灾害的侵扰。本文在对上述灾害分类阐述的同时,提出了防治城市自然灾害的三步骤,即在搞清灾害发生的原因及规律的基础上,进行预测性研究,进而采取工程措施,以减少损失。

The most of city had been built before 1000-2000 years in China, At present, they are harassed by a variety of natural calamities, for example, wind sand, dust bowl, flood and waterlogging, landslide, mud-rock flow, ground-fissure, ground settlement, ground subsidence, earthquake, tsunami wave, wind tide, transgression of the sea, acid rain and high temperature etc. in the city. It is very complicated and particularly difficult that the city calamities are prevented and cured. For this reason we'll have to study the causes resulted in the natural calamities in city and their trend developing in future, and then, depended on the various projects, the probable heavy losses caused by the natural calamities may be reduced as far as possible.