树木体内水分上升原理的探讨

The Discussion on the Problem of Water Rise to the Tops of the Trees

树木体内水分上升的原理,自十九世纪植物学家提出问题以来,众议纷纭,后来一般认为比较可信的只有内聚力学说。内聚力学说由Bohn、Dixon、Toly、Renner等人提出,他们认为“水在植物体内的上升不能用以下部上推的压力来解释,应当从植物的上部寻求上升动力。认为叶的吸水力是水分上升的动力,而这种吸水力由于叶的蒸腾作用可以不断地保持着。后来植物生理学家又从多方面丰富了这一学说。

The prime power that brings about the upward flow of water through xylem from the root to the cells of the stem, leaves and top of tree is the inertia of centrifugal force of the daily rotation of the earth, especially its vertical component. As like all other form of the motion of water, it is the movement of controdiction of gravition and the inertia of centrifugal force of the rotation of the earth. All separated small particles, including water vapor, may be carried by inertia of centrifugal force of rotation of the earth to make the spiral ascending flow. Relying on this prime power the tree in its process of rise of water may produced several mode (form) of motion of water, such as:capillary movement, evaporation, transpiration and osmosis etc.Otherwise, centrifugal force accumulating under earth's crust is comparatively concentrated at seismic belt or other active layer. In some active layer consenquentiallyoften release more energy from earth,s mantle becomes an ascending agent pulling the water vapor of soil arised and easily attracted by root of tree. It also becomes an additional exogenic force rapidly pulling the water rise to the tops of trees. For example, at the border land of North American Pacific Province which is belongs to a famous pleistoseismic zone, some places of this region appears apparent ascending agent is so called 'grivity anomaly region'. Where grows the tallest tree (Sequoia) of the world.