新生儿颅内出血的临床与CT检查23例分析

Analysis of Clinical Data and CT in 23 Cases of Neonatal Intracranial Hemorrhage

本文对 CT 确诊为新生儿颅内出血23例临床资料进行分析。结果表明,其发病与围生期缺氧窒息、产伤、孕妇疾病及脐带因素等有关。临床多以呼吸异常、惊厥为首发症状。CT 检查以蛛网膜下腔出血多见(占87%)。死亡4例与出血量及并发症的严重程度有关。存活者2周左右出血可吸收,部分患儿于一个月后出现脑积水,随访时发现神经功能障碍者占21.7%。做好围生期保健、提高产科技术、及时处理围生期窒息,是减少颅内出血的重要措施。

Twenty three cases of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage confirmed by CT scan were analysed in this paper.The result showed that the causes of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage were related to the following factors: (1)asphyxia and anoxia in premature period;(2)trauma during labor; (3)the maternal diseases;(4)the umbilical cord problems,etc.The initial manifestations of the neonatal intraeranial hemorrhage were disturbance of respiration and convulsion.87.0% of these cases were detected by CT-scan with a finding of the subdural hemorrhage.Four cases died of great amount of hemorrhage and severe complications.In the surviving infants the hemorrhage could be absorbed in about two weeks.Hydrocephalis occurred in some infants one month later and the nervous deterioration was found in 21.7% of cases on follow-up.The significant measures of reducing the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage are secure protection of infant in premature period,improvement of delivering technique during labor as well as the proper treatment of asphyxia in premature period in time.