新疆阿勒泰地区沙漠进退对人类活动的反映

REFLECTION OF THE ADVANCE AND RETROGRESSION OF THE DESERTS TO HUMAN ACTIVIES IN ALTAY, XINJIANG

阿勒泰地区是新疆平原沙漠发展严重的地区,全地区七大片沙漠面积约四千平方公里,将近新疆平原零星沙漠的一半。从四十年代以来不同时期资料对比,发现不同时期七大片沙漠有进有退。其中萨拉尔库姆、恰夏克多库姆及阿克库姆等沙漠在五十年代中期到六十年代明显退缩,其余沙漠则呈增长趋势。沙漠在短时期内的明显进退与人类活动关系密切,合理的生产活动可使沙漠退缩甚至演化成绿洲。反之则会导致沙漠扩大,危及人类的生产和生活。

Altay is one of the areas developing seriously into the deserts in the plain zone of Xinjiang. The total area of the seven deserts in Altay is is about 4, OOOkm^2, yet, half of it is plain zone desert of Xinjiang. Having made the comparision between the datum gained in different periods since 1940's, it shows that some of the deserts have further develo ped and some of them shrunk. Among the seven deserts, the north of Sare desert, the south of Qaxakte desert and the south of AK desert retrograded in the mid of 1950's, and early 1960's, the rest advances constantly. Further analysis indicates that the obvious advance and retrogression of the deserts in a short period of time is closely related to human activies. Reasonable productive activities can bring about retrogression or even disppearance of deserts, otherwise, unreasonable human activities will lead to deserts'advance, which will endanger human production and life.