茶叶内生菌的分离鉴定及其生防功能初探

Isolation,identification and the biocontrol potential of endophyte in theasienensis(Camellia sinensis)

对采自福建宁德地区的大白毫和福云六号茶叶进行内生菌的分离和脂肪酸鉴定.从7份样品中共分离到16株细菌、1株真菌.老叶中均未检测到内生菌,芽叶中内生菌数量为26.5×106-139.5×106cfu.g-1.有机种植的福云六号芽叶含菌量是大白毫的1.94倍.常规种植的大白毫芽叶含菌量为97.5×106-139.5×106cfu.g-1,明显高于有机种植的26.5×106-28.3×106cfu.g-1.大白毫带有红杆菌属、微杆菌属、根瘤菌属和贪噬菌属的内生细菌,福云六号仅含有根瘤菌属和贪噬菌属.有11株茶叶内生菌对10种供试病原菌表现出拮抗活性,其中放射根瘤菌Eb659菌株抑菌谱最广,具有作为生防菌防治植物病害的潜质.

The isolation, fatty-acid identification and inhibition ability against pathogeny of the endophyte in theasienensis （ Camelli- a sinensis） were conducted. The theasienensis samples were collected from Linde area, Fujian Province; the varieties of the th- easienensis were Dabaihao and Fuyunlinhao. Sixteen strains of endophytic bacteria and 1 endophytic fungus were isolated from 7 th- easienensis samples. None of endophyte was detected in the old leaves of both theasienensis, whereas the endophytic bacteria in the buds were 26.5×10^6 - 139.5 ×10^6 cfu· g^-1. The endophytes in bud of Fuyunliuhao were 1.94 times more than those of Dabaihao, while both theasienensis were treated with organic planting. However, the endophytes in Dabaihao buds treated with normal planting were 97.5×10^6 - 139.5×10^6 cfu·g^-1, obviously higher than 26.5×10^6 -28.3 ×10^6 cfu·g^-1 of the buds treated with organic planting. Dabaihao contained endophytic bacteria belonging to Rhodobacter, Microbacterium, Rhizobium and Variovorax, whereas Fuyunliuhao bad only Rhizobium and Variovorax. Eleven strains of the endophytic bacteria in theasienensis showed inhibition abih- ties to 10 pathogenies tested. Eb659 （Rhizobium radiobacter） had the biggest inhibition spectrum, which showed that it might have potential to be a biocontrol agent against plant disease.