雄性不育板栗雄花序败育过程中的形态学特征及内源激素含量的变化

The Morphological Characteristics and the Changes of Endogenous Hormone Contents During the Development of Male Inflorescence in the Male Sterile Chestnut

采用石蜡切片法,观察了雄性不育板栗品种浮来无花雄花败育过程中的形态变化特征,同时在雄花序发育的8个不同时期,测定了雄性不育板栗品种雄花序中IAA、GA3、ZT及ABA含量的变化。结果表明:雄性不育品种"浮来无花"比可育品种"大红袍"晚3d进入花簇原基形成期,此期开始出现维管束发育不良;晚3d进入花朵原基形成期,维管束同样发育不良;花被原基形成期,"浮来无花"维管束细胞排列疏松,"大红袍"维管束细胞排列紧密而清晰;两品种相差4d进入雄花原基形成期;花药形成期"浮来无花"开始出现雄蕊退化,且停止发育,不能形成花粉粒,属无花粉囊型不育。雄性不育品种雄花序IAA含量除雄花序刚长出时高于可育品种,其它时期均低于可育品种,在雄花序即将脱落时IAA含量仅为大红袍的8%;雄性不育品种GA3含量各个时期均高于可育品种,前期差异显著;雄性不育品种ZT含量各个时期均显著高于可育品种;雄性不育品种ABA含量各个时期均高于可育品种,后期差异极显著,在雄花序即将脱落时为可育品种的44.1倍。浮来无花雄花序中的IAA/ABA值及GA3/ABA值均极显著或显著低于大红袍,而GA3/IAA值极显著或显著高于大红袍。

We studied the male flower differentiation using paraffin method and the content of IAA, GA3, ZT and ABA of male sterility cultivar of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ and male fertility cultivar of ＇Dahongpao＇ during the development of male inflorescence. The results showed that the floral cluster primordium period of male sterile variety ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ was 3d late than that of male fertile variety ＇Dahongpao＇ ,and its vascular bundles were maldevelopment; the individual floret primordium period of ＇Fulai Wuhua＇ was 3d later than that of ＇Dahongpao＇ and its vascular bundles were still maldevelopment; in the period of floral envelope primordium,the vascular bundle cell arrangement of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ was loosed, and the vascular bundle cell arrangement of ＇Dahongpao＇ was tightness and clear; the stamen primordium period of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ was 4d late than that of ＇Dahongpao＇ ; stamen of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ began to degenerate in anther period, stopped developing and couldn＇ t form pollen grain,so ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ was regarded as male sterile line which had no pollen sac. The IAA content of mail sterile variety were lower than that of male fertile variety except the male inflorescence was sprouting during the development of male inflorescence and when the male inflorescence would fall off the IAA content of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ was only 8% of ＇Dahongpao＇ ; the GA3 content of mail sterile variety were higher than that of male fertile variety in every period, and there exited significant difference in the early period; the ZT content of male sterile variety were obviously higher than that of male fertile variety in every period; the ABA content of male sterile variety were higher than that of male fertile variety, and there exited significant difference in the later period, when the male inflorescence would fail off the ABA content of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ was 44.1 times of ＇Dahongpao＇ ; the ratios of IAA/ABA and GA3/ABA of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ were very significant or significant lower than that of ＇Dahongpao＇ , and the ratio of GA3/IAA of ＇Fulaiwuhua＇ was very significant or significant higher than that of ＇Dahongpao＇