印度国际关系研究现状：理论发展与特点

IR Studies in India:Developments and Characteristics

国际关系学在印度不算是一门独立的学科。印度国际关系研究始于20世纪50年代末期,这一时期印度建立了一些机构以促进研究和理解国际事务。印度政治理论影响了它的国际关系研究,一开始研究就受限于传统模式,缺乏理论指导。在印度国际关系研究中,甘地学派、尼赫鲁学派、民族主义学派、印度马克思主义和社会主义学派等不同流派的争论占据主导地位。印度的国际关系研究主要是围绕要解决的各种各样的新旧问题进行的,其中最重要的是"克什米尔"问题、恐怖主义、民族冲突以及与其他邻国的关系。最近几年能源问题、全球气候变暖、大规模杀伤性武器扩散以及国际恐怖主义是印度国际关系研究的主要对象。

International Studies in India is a growing field but not yet an independent discipline.Some of the think tanks were established right back in late 1950s and have contributed in abundance to the India's understanding of international relations.But the research methodologies and approaches applied by many of the then IR scholars are confirming to the Indian traditional thinking,especially ancient and modern Indian political thought of Kautilya,Gandhi and Nehru.The Nationalist element in the Indian IR thought was present in the past and is reemerging again as a mainstream theory of putting India in the international context.Indian Marxist bastions are located in some corners of Indian Universities(such as in JNU)and is growing old and out of fashion.The liberals are a growth industry but anti-Americanism and anti-hegemony is a common platform.Although India has had always voiced its concerns at the global level,the Indian IR research has its own limitations because of cross-border terrorism and regional security problems(especially with Pakistan).The issues of energy security,global warming,and WMD along with international terrorism are some of the latest areas in which the current Indian IR scholars are working.