玻璃体后脱离的B型超声特点分析

Type-B ultrasonic characteristics of posterior vitreous detachment

目的了解不同类型玻璃体后脱离B型超声检查的形态特征及玻璃体后脱离与视网膜之间的关系。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象玻璃体后脱离病例超声资料991例(1107眼)。方法回顾性分析玻璃体后脱离病例B型超声资料,根据玻璃体后界膜与后极部球壁的附着关系,分为完全和不完全玻璃体后脱离。主要指标玻璃体后脱离的形态及类型构成比。结果完全玻璃体后脱离710眼(64.1%),其中伴有周边部裂孔性视网膜脱离69眼(17.3%),且玻璃体后皮质与周边部隆起视网膜裂孔盖牵拉16眼(23.0%)。不完全玻璃体后脱离397眼(35.9%):部分性不完全玻璃体后脱离159眼(40.0%),其中伴有玻璃体后皮质增殖及劈裂的部分不完全玻璃体后脱离76眼(47.7%);玻璃体后皮质与黄斑部球壁粘连者121眼(30.5%);玻璃体后皮质与视盘处球壁粘连者117眼(29.5%)。结论超声检查可直观动态地观察不同类型玻璃体后脱离的形态特征及其与视网膜的关系,为临床诊断与治疗提供重要的形态学依据。

Objective To observe the B-scan ultrasonic characteristics of the posterior vitreons detachment （PVD） and the relationship between the PVD and retina. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 991 cases （1107 eyes） with PVD. Methods The results of B-scan uhrasonography were retrospectively in PVD patients and according to the adhesion between the posterior vitreous cortex （PVC） and eyeball wall, complete PVD and incomplete PVD were divided. Main Outcome Measures The ratio of types and characteristics of PVD. Results 710 eyes（64.1% ）were diagnosed as complete PVD, in which 69 eyes（ 17.3% ）accompanied with peripheral ruptured detachment of retina, and 16 eyes（23.0%） PVC adhered with lid of peripheral retina hole. 397 eyes（ 35.9% ）were diagnosed as incomplete PVD, in which 159 eyes（40.0% ）as partly PVD, and 76 eyes（47.8% ）eoneomitanted with PVC proliferation and vitreous incompletely splitting. 121 eyes（30.5% ）PVC were adhered with the macula, and 117 eye（29.5%）with the optic disc. Conclusions Ultrasonography can be applied to diagnose PVD precisely,which can provide credible morphologic evidence for the clinic. （Ophtholmol CHN, 2009, 18： 118-120）