上海市主要花卉园林病害初步调查

Preliminary investigation on the diseases of major garden flowers in Shanghai

对上海市花卉生产基地、花卉市场及公园等进行调查,在66种园林花卉植物上发现病害103种。其中真菌病害90种,细菌病害3种,病毒病害6种,线虫病害1种,生理性病害3种。在真菌病害中,以炭疽病为害范围最广,占调查花卉植物总数的39.39%,其次是由镰刀菌引起的叶斑病和根腐病,以及白粉病,均占调查花卉植物总数的17.91%。病害发生程度以冬青卫矛和狭叶十大功劳白粉病发生最为严重;百合根腐病、月季白粉病等15种病害严重发生;山茶叶斑病等22种病害中度发生。该结果为本市花卉病害的研究和防治提供了重要依据。

The diseases of garden plants in flower production bases, markets and parks had been investigated in Shanghai. The results indicated that 103 kinds of plant diseases were found on 66 species of garden plants. These diseases contained 90 fungi diseases, 3 bacterial diseases, 6 virus diseases, 1 nematode disease and 3 physiological diseases. Within fungi diseases, anthracnose was severely occurred, which was found on 26 species of garden plants, accounted for 39.39%. Leaf spot and root rot, caused by Fusarium, which were found on 12 species of garden plants, accounted for 17.91%. And the same to powdery mildew, which was also a widespread plant disease and was found on 12 species of garden plants, accounted for 17.91%. Furthermore, among all the diseases investigated, powdery mildew on Euonymus japonicus and Mahoniafortunei occurred severely, 15 diseases including lily root rot and rose powdery mildew occurred heavily, 21 diseases besides leaf spot of Cwnellia japonica occurred normally. The important bases were supplied for flower diseases study and control in Shanghai.