视神经损伤的基因治疗研究进展

Gene therapy for optic nerve injury

视神经损伤后,所处的微环境发生了较大改变,如何通过基因治疗的手段调整这些变化,使其更好地发挥对损伤视神经的保护作用是近期研究的热点。视神经及视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)与相关的视觉通路作为一种成熟的中枢神经系统研究模型,其研究结果对中枢神经系统疾病的治疗有积极的意义。拟从视神经损伤后RGCs死亡的特点、所处微环境的改变、基因治疗工具及治疗损伤常见的基因干预等方面进行综述。

Injury can induce the microenvironment alteration around the optic nerve. How to control these changes by gene therapy so that the microenvironment change is helpful for us to protect the injured optic nerve are focused by many studies recently. Optic nerve and its neurons-retinal ganglion cells（RGCs） and related visual pathway as a classical model of the central nervous system, the findings of them are also very useful on the central nervous system diseases. In this paper,we provide a brief overview related to characters of dead RGCs after optic nerve injury, the change of microenvironment, gene therapy tools and treatment of injury in common areas such as genetic intervention.