超导量子干涉器先进军用电子装备中的基础元件

SQUID,A Foundation Element for Advanced Military Electronic Equipment in Future

20世纪70年代初期,利用低温超导材料,人们研制出一些性能非常优异的电子学元件——超导量子干涉器和微波滤波器,但它们在相当长的时间内都停留在实验室。90年代后,超导电子学的开发成果主要是用于微弱低频磁场测量的高温超导量子干涉器,和用于传统微波技术领域中的高温超导滤波器。但是,与传统非超导技术相比,高温超导元件和技术还远没有成熟,由于制冷技术和成品率的问题,高温超导电子学系统的小型化和可靠性上仍然存在一些问题。然而,目前许多试验却证实了高温超导量子干涉器和微波无源器件不但能大幅度提高传统电子学仪器、装备和系统的性能和技术指标,还可能形成许多全新的应用。本文简单介绍了超导量子干涉器以及它在未来军用电子装备中的可能应用。

During the early 1970s,by using low temperature superconducting materials（LTS）,some electronic elements of extremely higher performance,such as superconducting quantum interference device（SQUID） and microwave filter,were developed out.But for a long time they are used only in the laboratories.After 1990s,as the main scientific achievements of superconducting electronics,basing on the high temperature superconducting materials（HTS）,HTSQUID can be used for measuring low frequence weak magnetic field and HTS microwave filter can be used in the field of conventional microwave technology.Although being compared with the non superconductivity technology,HTS element and technology still need being grown up,there are a lot of problems need being investigated deeply,like the cooling requirement,the yields of superconducting electronic devices,miniaturization and reliability of HTS system.But much more experiments have give us a definite presentation,that the HTSQUID and HTS microwave passive device can be used to form some wholly new applications as well as highly increasing the performance of conventional electronic system and equipment.This paper gives an introduction of SQUID and its potential application on the military electronic equipment for future.