前氮后移对寒地水稻产量和稻米品质的影响

Effects of applying N at later growth stage on rice yield and quality in cold area of China

采用田间小区试验方法，研究在相同氮肥施用量（100kg·hm-2）条件下，不同穗肥施用时期和比例对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明，前氮后移对糙米率、精米率、蛋白质含量和直链淀粉含量等品质指标的影响小，仅使整精米率提高了4．4％～9．9％，不同叶龄期追氮对垩白率影响不尽一致，推迟追肥叶龄期可以降低垩白率。前氮后移处理在提高产量的基础上，没有降低稻米的碾米品质和外观品质，对稻米食味品质影响不明显。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying N at later growth stage on rice quality and yield under the condition of applying the same amount of N （100 kg·hm-2） using field plot method. The results showed that the effects of application N at later growth stage on brown rice rate, milled rice rate, protein content, amylose content and other quality indexes were all unobvious, and only the head rice raised 4.4%-9.9%. There were different effects on chalkiness of rice by top-fertilization at different maturity degree of young plants, the chalkiness of rice could be lower if top-fertilization at the maturity degree of young plants was put off. In a word, there were no effects of applying N at later growth stage on rice milling quality and surface quality, and the influence of applying N at later growth stage on the quality of taste was not obvious.