航空框类整体结构件铣削加工变形研究

Study on milling deformation of aerospace frame monolithic components

为了揭示结构件数控加工的变形机理,提出了基于有限元的航空整体框类结构件铣削加工过程仿真方法.通过将零件的加工工艺信息转化为有限元仿真计算信息,采用建立的有限元模型对双面框类结构件进行了铣削加工过程的数值模拟.数值模拟综合考虑了材料毛坯初始残余应力、切削载荷、加工顺序和走刀路径等因素.在同样条件下进行了加工实验,实验结果与模拟结果比较吻合,验证了建立的有限元模型的正确性.研究表明,数值模拟方法是研究航空整体结构零件铣削加工变形的有效方法,可正确预测零件的加工变形.

To reveal the cutting deformation law of aerospace monolithic components due to the milling process, a simulation method based on the finite element for the milling process was proposed. The milling process information was converted to the finite element simulation information. The milling process was simulated using the established finite element model. Key factors influencing distortion such as initial residual stress, cutting loads, cutting sequence and path were synthetically considered. The experiment was carried out under the same conditions. The results of simulation agreed well with the results of the experiment. The result showed that the milling process simulation was an effective method to predict the machining distortion correctly.