几种秸秆醋液组分中活性物质的分析

Analysis of Active Substances of Several Kinds of Straw Vinegar

以农作物秸秆(棉秆、稻秆、麦秆和玉米秆)为主要原料制备秸秆醋液,研究了在3种炭化温度450、600和750℃下,棉秆醋液、稻秆醋液、麦秆醋液、玉米秆醋液的得率。研究表明秸秆醋液的得率随着炭化温度的升高而增加,当炭化温度为750℃时,醋液得率分别为棉秆醋液51.70%、玉米秆醋液45.32%、稻秆醋液43.91%、麦秆醋液42.44%。采用气-质联用仪进行秸秆醋液成分的分析,表明秸秆醋液是一种组分复杂的混合物,4种秸秆醋液平均含有24.41%酚类、22.09%的酮类、20.79%的有机酸、4.52%的醛类、4.20%的醇类及2.44%的酯类等。秸秆醋液中所含的乙酸、丙酸、苯酚、甲酚、甲氧基酚、乙醇等成分均为有效的活性物质,具有抑菌、杀菌的作用。

In this study, straw was used to prepare straw vinegar, and the influence of carbonization temperature on the yield of vinegar was also discussed. The results showed that with the rise of carbonization temperature, the yield of vinegar shows a rising trend. In this study, compounds of straw vinegar were identified by GC/MS method. The results showed the straw vinegar is a mixture. The four straw vinegars averagely contained 24.41% phenolic compounds, 22.09 % ketone compounds, 20.79 % organic acids, 4.52 % aldehyde compounds, 4.20 % alcohol compounds and 2.44 % ester compounds. This illuminates that straw vinegar has remarkable sterilization effects. The effective active compounds in straw vinegars such as acetic acid, propanoic acid,phenol, cresol, methoxyphenol, ethanol, etc. had the functions of bacteriostasis and sterilization.