论金代女真族口传长篇叙事文学的发现在文学史上的意义

The Significance of the Discovery of Nuzhen Long Oral Narrative Literature of Jin Dynasty to Chinese Literary History

以往的金代文学研究由于资源的局限,以汉语书面文学为主。而国家级非物质文化遗产代表作"满族说部"的崛起,将金代女真族的长篇叙事文学通过口传心授活态传承数百年,为金代文学研究提供了别开生面的新的生长点。女真族口传长篇叙事文学的发现,不仅给金代文学带来了生动的原生态作品和新的文学资源,而且给中国文学史的传播方式补充了同书面文学并行不悖的口承文学范式。这一传播范式的确立,将在汉民族文学与少数民族文学相激相融、书面文学与口头文学互动互补中促进学科建设,推动中国文学史的总体架构由场域狭小、内涵单一的传统模式向视野开阔、多维多元的创新体系转型与嬗变。

Previous studies of the Jin literature chiefly focused on the then Chinese written literature during to shortage of resources. But the discovery of the national non-material cultural heritage, ＂Manchu Folk-tales＂, which were handed down from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years among the Nuzhens, offers a new springboard for the studies of the Jin literature. It not only brings to the surface vivid primitive literary works and offers new literary resources, but also supplies the spreading of Chinese literature with an oral paradigm parallel to that of written literature. The establishment of such an oral paradigm of spreading will give a boost to disciplinary building and facilitate the change of the studies of Chinese literary history from the narrow, mo-notonous traditional mode to an open, multiple, creative one.