压抑——男性知识分子现代性的基本体验

Suppression——Male Intellectuals’ Basic Modern Experience

文学的现代性,以对主体性的自由和生存本真性的追求为要旨,现代文学是对抗压抑的文学,压抑正是现代性的基本体验。男性的阉割焦虑,是在整个海派男作家的作品中普遍存在的,其实它具有更加广泛的普遍性,五四文学、沈从文和废名的小说、郁达夫和郭沫若的创作及革命文学等作家和流派中都可以找到它的身影。现代知识分子对传统文化的背叛是第一重焦虑。被女权阉割而男权去势的恐惧是第二重焦虑。阉割产生的最根本原因是社会生产方式和经济形态的转变。知识分子生存能力的下降是阉割心理产生的直接原因。

Modern literature, should adjust themselves to the principal of freedom and the pursuit of survival for the true essence of modern literature is the confrontation suppressed literature that suppression is the basic experience of modernity. The castrated male anxiety, prevails in the works by many oversea writers. In fact it is very generalized and can be found in Wusi literature, novels by Shen Congwen, creations and revolutionary literature by Yu Dafu and Guo Moruo. Modern intellectuals on the traditional culture of betrayal is the first heavy anxiety. Feminism and the emasculation of the male fear of castration anxiety is the second tier. Emasculation of the most fundamental reason is the social mode of production and economic pattern change. Intellectuals viability psychological emasculation of the decline is the direct cause.