皮革厂颗粒相污染物中有机成分谱的研究

Research on Source Profile of Aerosol Organic Compounds in Leather Plant

调查了珠江三角洲典型皮革厂生产过程中不同车间PM10的污染水平,并采用超声萃取和GC-MS联用技术研究了PM10中半挥发性特征有机污染物的含量和成分谱.在所采集的PM10样品中共检测出46种有机化合物,包括苯酚类、醇类、多环芳烃类、酸类、酰胺类和酯类等;真皮水场车间、真皮涂饰车间和人造皮革车间的PM10浓度分别为678.5、454.5和498.6μg.m-3,其颗粒相中有机物质量浓度分别为10.04、6.89和14.21μg.m-3;真皮水场车间以酯类和酰胺类物质所占比重较大,分别为43.47%和36.51%,真皮涂饰车间以酯类和醇类物质所占比重较大,分别为52.52%和16.16%,人造革生产车间以酯类和酰胺类物质所占比重较大,分别为57.07%和24.17%;在得到的具体成分谱中,水场车间以9-十八碳烯酰胺含量最高,为26.15%,真皮涂饰车间以邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的含量最高,为44.19%,而人造革车间的丁烯二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯和1-羟基哌啶含量明显高于其它2个车间.

Through investigating current air pollution condition for PM10 in every factories of different style leather plants in Pearl River Delta, characteristic profile of semi-volatile organic compounds in PM10 emitted from leather factories and their contents were researched by using uhrasonic and gas chromatography and mass spectrum technology. The 6 types of organic compounds containing 46 species in total were found in the collected samples, including phenyl compounds, alcohols, PAHs, acids, esters and amides. The concentrations of PM10 in leather tanning plant, leather dying plant and man-made leather plant were 678.5, 454.5, 498.6 μg· m^-3 respectively, and concentration of organic compounds in PM10 were 10.04, 6.89, 14.21 μg· m^-3 in sequence. The more important type of pollutants in each leather plants had higher contribution to total organic mass as follows, esters and amides in tanning plants profile account for 43.47 % and 36.51% respectively; esters and alcohols in dying plants profiles account for 52.52% and 16.16% respectively; esters and amide in man-made leather plant have the highest content and account for 57.07% and 24.17% respectively. In the aerosol organic source profiles of tested leather plants, 9- oetadecenamide was the abundant important species with the weight of 26.15% in tanning plant, and Bis（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate was up to 44.19% in the dying plant, and Bis（2-ethylhexyl） maleate and 1-hydroxy-piperidine had obviously higher weight in man-made plant than the other two plants.