草丛土毛虫皮层纤毛器的微管胞器研究

A STUDY ON THE MICROTUBULAR ORGANELLE OF CORTICAL CILIATURE OF THE SOIL CILIATE Territricha stramenticola

本文应用FLUTAX直接荧光标记和抗α-微管蛋白抗体免疫荧光标记,显示了土壤纤毛虫草丛土毛虫(Territricha stramenticola)的皮层纤毛器微管胞器,其中纤毛器基部微管按口围带、波动膜、额腹横棘毛、左右缘棘毛、背触毛等纤毛器图式分布和定位,口围带和波动膜基部含小膜微管托架、小膜附属微管和波动膜微管骨架网;额腹横棘毛基部含前纵微管束、后纵微管束和横微管束;左、右缘棘毛基部含前纵微管束、后纵微管束、横微管束及后微管芽;背触毛基部含前纵微管束、后纵微管束。横棘毛基部含有较发达的横微管束,缘棘毛基部含后微管芽及其横微管束的定位可能具有本种纤毛虫细胞的特异性。纤毛器微管胞器在细胞表膜下分化形成的基部微管及其微管层使细胞的运动纤毛器与强固的微管骨架结构网相联系,其微管胞器的建构可能是细胞对土壤生存环境的一种适应,是细胞运动胞器的功能活动与环境相互作用的结果。形态发生中,老口围带微管是逐步进行更新的;老棘毛微管胞器对新结构的发生和形成具有定位和物质贡献的作用,并且老结构在新结构分化和成熟期间也经历了行使相应的生理功能及逐渐退化和失去功能的过程。

The microtubular organelles in the cortical ciliature of the soil ciliate Territricha stramenticola were visualized by direct fluorescent labeling of FLUTAX and immuno-fluorecent labeling using anti-α tubulin antibody. The distribution pattern of base-associated microtubules were found to be in accordance with that of adoral zone membranelles （AZM）, undulating membranes （UM）, frontal-ventral-transverse cirri （FVTC） , left-right marginal cirri （L-RMC） and dorsal kineties （DK）. The cytoskeleton of AZM and UM was composed of membranelle brackets, membranelle-associated microtubules and the skeleton of UM. The anterior longitudinal microtubules （ALM）, posterior longitudinal microtubules （PLM） and transverse microtubules （TM） were located in the basal part of FVTC. ALM, PLM, TM and sprouted microtubules （SM） were situated in the basal parts of LMC and RMC. ALM and PLM were visualized in the basal part of DK. The base of transverse cirri （TC） contained comparatively developed bundles of TM. The occurence of SM and the location of TM in the basal parts of L-RMC might be of species specificity. The microtubules and a layer of microtubule bellow cell＇s cortex could be used to combine the microtubular cytoskeleton network with cell＇s various ciliatures used for movement. The presence of these microtubular structures might be one of the cell＇s adaptive characteristics to soil environment. The microtubules of old AZM were found to be renewed progressively during morphogenesis. The microtubular organelles of old ciliatures might play an important role in the location and substance supply of new structures when these structures begin to occur and develope. During the period of defferetiation and maturation of the new structures, the old ciliatures seemed to play a similar role when they gradually desintegrated and disappeared.