2Nathanson MH, Gajral NM, Russell JA. Prevention of pain on propofol:A comparison of lidocaine with alfentanyl[J]. Anesth Analg,1996,82:469-471.
3Picard P,Tramer MR. Prevention of pain on injection with propofol: a quantitative systemaitic review[J] .Anesth Analg,2000,90(4):963-969.
4Galvin NE. A combination of lidocaine and nitrous oxide in oxygen is more effective in preventing pain on propofol injection than either treatment alone[J]. Eur J Anaesthesiol, 2005,22:299-302.
5Mangar D, Holak EJ. Tourniquet an 50 mmHg followed by intravenous lidocaine diminishes hand pain associated with propofol injection[J]. Anesth Analg, 1992, 74: 250-252.
6Eriksson M, Englesson S, Niklasson F, et al. Effect of lignocaine and pH on propofolinduced pain[J]. Br J Anaesth,1997,78:502-506.
7Hristopher T. The effect of coinduction with midazolam on propofol injection pain[J]. Eur J Anaesthesiol,2004,21:571-583.
8Shost TG, Chui PT. Propofol and midazolam act contimuous introvernous infusion to entersive case synergisically in combination[J]. Rr J Crit Care Med, 1992, 20:1123.
