氮高效组合协优9019的氮肥运筹规律与效益分析

Nitrogen Application Law and Benefit Analysis on a High N Use Efficiency Rice Variety Xieyou 9019

[目的]探讨施氮时期和施氮量对协优9019的氮肥利用率、产量及效益的影响。[方法]设施化学氮素时期和施氮量8种处理,采用L8（4×24）正交设计,以不施化学氮素为对照,进行施氮时期和施氮量对协优9019的氮肥利用率、产量及效益的影响试验。[结果]协优9019的适宜施氮量在172.5~243.45 kg/hm2,以施纯氮172.5 kg/hm2的处理增产较高,增收效益最明显,氮肥利用效果最好。在施172.5kg/hm2纯氮的合理运筹下,其氮素农学利用率为25 kg/kg氮素,每生产100 kg稻谷只需施纯氮1.76 kg,比对照增加产值7762.5元/hm2,每千克纯氮增收45.00元,单位面积增收7012元/hm2,增效相当可观。[结论]协优9019氮肥合理施肥模式应是：基蘖肥各施纯氮69.0kg/hm2,保花和齐穗期各施纯氮34.5 kg/hm2。再次验证协优9019是氮高效杂交组合。

[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the effect of N application stages and N application rate on N fertilizer use efficiency,yield and benefit of Xieyou 9019.[Method] With no applying chemical N as CK,8 treatments of N application stages and N application rate were set up and the orthogonal design with L8（4×24） was used to make the experiment on the effect of N application stages and N application rate on N fertilizer use efficiency,yield and benefit of Xieyou 9019.[Result] The suitable nitrogen rate of Xieyon 9019 on increasing yield was 172.5 - 243.45 kg/hm2, in which the treatment with pure N of 172.5 kg/hm2 had the higher increasing yield, tie most obvious increasing income benefit and the greatest using effect of N fertilizer. Under the reasonable fertilizer application of pure N at 172.5 kg/hm2, its N agronomy, utilization ratio was 25 kg/kg N, production of per 1（30 kg paddy only needed pure N at 1.76 kg, which increased output valne of 7 762.5 yuan/hm2 compared with CK; per kilogram N pure N could increase the income of 45.00 yuan and N application per unit area could inwrease incone of 7 012 yuan/hm2, with the considerable increasing benefit. [Conclusion] The reasonable fertilizer model for Xieyou 9019 as that the pure N of 69.0 kg/hm2 were applied resp. for the base fertilizer and tillering fertilizer and the pure N of 34.5 kg/hm2 were applied resp. in protecting flower and full heading stages, vefificating again that Xieyon 9019 was a high nitrogen efficiency hybridized combination.