湖南烟叶质体色素含量的区域特征研究

Research on the Regional Characteristics in the Content of Plastid Pigmen in Hunan Tobacco Leaf

[目的]全面考察湖南烤烟质体色素含量的区域特征,进一步优化资源配置,实现烟叶生产的合理布局,稳定烟叶质量,促进湖南烟草的可持续发展以及为湖南省烟草种植区划建设和企业采购供应提供决策参考。[方法]通过化学成分测定和统计分析等方法,对湖南主产烟区31个烤烟主产县的187份烤烟样品的质体色素含量进行了深入分析,并与国外烤烟主产区进行比较。[结果]湖南主产烟区主栽的品种之间质体色素含量在统计学上不存在显著差异;湖南烟叶质体色素含量在地区间、生态区域间有一定差异,特别是叶黄素含量三大生态区域间差异达显著水平,烟叶中叶黄素含量是湘西北>湘中>湘南;与国外优质烟叶比较,质体色素总量较低,但类胡萝卜素与叶绿素比值较高。[结论]湖南烤烟的采收成熟度和烘烤成熟度掌握的好,但在烟叶生长和成熟期应采用适宜的调控技术,促进类胡萝卜素的积累,减少烟叶在调制过程中类胡卜素的降解。

[Objective] The rational distribution of tobacco production was achieved through the comprehensive study on the regional characteristics in the content of the plastid pigment in flue-cured tobacco leaf in Hunan,to further optimize the allocation of resources,stabile the leaf quality and promote the sustainable development,as well as make the decision in the construction of tobacco-planting and procurement and supply of enterprises business in Hunan tobacco.[Method] The the methods of the determination of chemical compostion and statistical analysis, the content of the plastid pigments in 187 samples of flue-cured tobacco leaves from main 31 flue-cured tobacco producing counties in Hunan districts was in-depth analyzed and compared with the foreign flue-cured tobacco districts. [ Results] The significant difference in the content of plastid pigment among the leading tobacco varieties in Hunan main tobacco producing areas did not statistically exist; there was a certain difference in the content of plastid pigment among the districts and the eco-re- gions, especially in the content of lutein among three major ecological districts（ P 〈 0.01 ） and the level of lutein content in tobacco leaf was northwestern 〉 central 〉 southwestern Hunan. Compared with the foreign high-quality tobacco, the content of plastid pigment was lower, but the content of cawtenoids and chlorophyll was higher. [ Conclusion ] The harvesting time and the baked maturity of flue-cured tobacco in Hunan were well controlled, but the appropriate adjustment and control technologies hi leaf growth and maturity should be adopted to facilitate the accumulation of carotenoids and to reduce the degradation of carotenoids in the molulation process of tobacco leaf.