关注点分离在计算思维和软件工程中的方法论意义

Separation-of-concerns as a Methodological Principle in Computational Thinking and Software Engineering

关注点分离可追溯到柏拉图对整体与部分关系的思考。作为基本的系统化计算思维原则,关注点分离体现在问题求解、算法设计、软件设计、软件架构描述、软件开发过程等诸多方面。简要归纳了软件和计算的本质特点;重点分析关注点分离作为重要的方法论原则在软件工程中的主要作用和体现形式;介绍了近期有关关注点高级分离的研究,包括关注点的多维分离和面向方面软件开发;最后阐述了关注点分离原则与具体问题具体分析策略相结合的实践意义。

The idea of separation-of-concerns （SOC） can be traced back to Plato＇s thinking on the relationship between the universe and its elements. As a fundamental systematic principle in computational thinking, it is incarnated in many aspects such as problem solving, algorithm design, software design, software architectures documenting and development processes. The essential characteristics of software and computing were summarized. The significance and embodiments of SoC as a methodological principle in software engineering were analyzed. The recent researches on advanced SoC,in- cluding multidimensional SoC and aspect-oriented software development （AOSD） were introduced. The pragmatic sig- nificance of combining separation-of-concerns principle with concrete-problem-with-concrete-analysis strategy were stressed to solve a complex problem.