基于RSSI测距的传感器网络定位算法研究

Study of Wireless Sensor Network Localization Algorithm Based on RSSI

基于RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator)的测距技术根据理论或经验信号传播模型将传播损耗转化为距离。在实际应用环境中,由于多径、绕射、障碍物等因素,无线电传播路径损耗使得定位过程中产生距离误差。通过对二维空间定位过程中产生距离误差区域进行分析,提出了基于RSSI的新的定位算法ERSS。该算法计算简单,定位过程中节点间不增加通信开销,无需硬件扩展。仿真实验表明,该算法较普通的基于RSSI的测距方法有了明显的改进,提高了距离估计的精度,适合在通信开销小、硬件要求低的传感器网络节点上应用。

Path loss for radio-wave propagation is transformed into distance according to theoretic or empirical model based on range measurement of RSSI（Received Signal Strength Indicator）. In the actual application environment, because of multi-path, diffraction, obstacles and other factors, path loss error resulted in the positioning error. The new location algorithm ERSS based on RSSI was proposed by analysing error region produced during two-dimension space localization. Simulation results show that the ERSS algorithm has achieved more noticeable progress than common RSSI algorithm, improving the accuracy of estimates of the distance, and suitable for the requirements of wireless sensor network＇lower communication costs and lower hardware requirements.