缺陷需求分析与管理模型

Analysis of Defect Requirements and Management Model

需求管理是软件过程改进的重要活动,需求缺陷管理是需求管理的重要组成部分,其目的在于检测、分析、解决和预防需求缺陷。从社会因素和技术因素两大方面分析了需求工程阶段缺陷产生的原因,对缺陷进行了分类。建立了需求(模型)缺陷列表、缺陷需求分析模型和基于需求缺陷管理的需求过程模型。指出需求缺陷列表所反映的需求分析过程的数量特征,能够为评估需求工程师能力、准确和全面地定义需求成熟度、研究需求演化波及效应、研究需求模型复杂度和需求缺陷分布规律提供必要数据和有益启示。

Requirements management is an important activity for improving software process. Defect requirements management is a key component, and it involves detecting, analyzing, solving, and preventing defects. The causes of requirements defects were identified from two aspects, social and technical, and then classified. Three kinds of works were presented：defect lists of requirements and requirements models; the analytical modeling of requirements defects; and the modeling of the requirements process based on requirements defect management. Quantitative analysis of requirements defect lists can help in three areas： the evaluation of the performance of engineers; the correct definition of the mature degree of the requirements process; and the study of several components including the tipple effect, the complex degree of the requirements model, and the distributive rules of the requirements defect.