人类外周神经在化学萃取前后的组织形态变化研究

Study on the histomorphology of human peripheral nerve treated with chemical extraction

目的研究人类外周神经在化学萃取前后的组织形态变化,探讨化学萃取法制备人类长段粗大去细胞神经的可行性。方法用Triton X-100和脱氧胆酸钠对人体长段胫神经作不同次数的萃取处理,经常规HE染色、砂罗铬花青、网状纤维组织化学染色和S-100免疫组织化学染色后,在光镜下观察神经萃取前后的组织形态变化,并比较不同萃取次数对神经结构的影响。结果人体长段胫神经经2次萃取后,其轴突、髓鞘、许旺细胞及其他结缔组织中的细胞均已消失,仅见网格纤维,而神经基底膜管、神经束膜等纤维性支架保存完整,与未经萃取的神经相仿。萃取1次者仍残留少量细胞碎屑,而萃取3次者,细胞清除更彻底,但纤维性支架结构明显破坏。结论人类长段粗大神经干经化学萃取后不含细胞,而保留有完整的纤维性支架结构。化学萃取法制备人类长段粗大去细胞神经可行。

Objective To investigate the histomorphology of human peripheral nerve treated with chemical extraction, and assess the feasibility of preparing human acellular nerve graft through chemical extraction. Methods Long segments of human tibia nerve were treated with Triton X-100 and sodium deoxycholate for different times. The nerves were sectioned, stained with HE, myelin （ Page）, reticular fiber （ Gordon- Sweet）, and S-100, and then examined under light microscope. The histomorphology of the nerve extracted for different times were compared. Results Extracted for 2 times, the axons, myelin, Schwann Ceils and other cells in the connective tissue disappeared, while the reticular fiber, neural basal membrane tubes and perineuriums were preserved. The fiber framework of the extracted nerve was similar to that of the nerve prior to extraction. Cell debris was found in the nerve extracted for 1 time. When the nerve was extracted for 3 times, ceils were removed completely. However, the fiber framework was destroyed. Conclusions Extracted with chemical agents, the ceils in the long and thick human peripheral nerve are removed, while the fiber framework can be preserved. Human acelluar nerve can be made through chemical extraction.