基于RS与GIS的哈尔滨城市热岛效应动态变化分析

Dynamic change of heat island effect in Harbin city based on RS and GIS

本文利用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术对哈尔滨市不同年代时相的LandsatTM/ETM+热红外遥感数据进行地面亮温反演、正规化和等级划分等处理,研究城市热岛的时空变化和温度场空间分布规律,进而揭示城市热岛效应的分布范围和发展趋势.结果表明:道外区和铁路沿线区域是热岛效应的主要分布地带;地面亮温等级分布图表明,市区地面亮温发生以下转变:特高温-高温-中温,热岛效应区域由集中走向分散,且有所缓解;植被和水体区域的地表亮温较低,其边缘亮温更低.对市区热岛效应的动态分析,可为监测城市化进程和城区的扩展以及城市热环境质量评价和地面热源调查提供准确、丰富的信息.

Based on the remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system （GIS）, the thermal infrared remote sensing data （ Landsat TM/ETM ＋ ） of different periods was used to retrieve the ground brightness temperature. The ground brightness temperature was normalized and classified to study the laws of space-time changes and the temperature＇ s spatial distribution as well as the scope and trends of heat island effect. The results show that the heat island effect is mainly distributed in Daowai district and along the railway. Three scale distribution maps of the ground brightness temperature show that the ground brightness temperature of Harbin city changes from the highest to higher and then to the normal：the scope of heat island effect changes from convergence to scatteration and fades a little ; the ground brightness temperature of the vegetation and water is low and its verge is lower. The dynamic analysis of heat island effect can provide enough information＂ for the urbanization and urban expansion and as well as for the heat environment assessment and heat resource investigation of the urban.