826例急性脑梗死住院患者医院感染的研究

Hospital Required Infection in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

目的通过对神经内科急性脑梗死住院患者分离出的病原菌进行分析,为临床预防及降低急性脑梗死患者的医院感染提供证据。方法对医院神经内科病房的826例急性脑梗死合并医院感染的患者进行分析,在感染的种类、病因、分离出的1127株菌株及其对抗菌药物的敏感情况进行分析。结果神经内科急性脑梗死住院患者医院感染发生情况较为普遍,以呼吸系统及泌尿系统感染多见,临床预防及治疗均有一定难度,G-杆菌中大肠埃希菌检出率最高(18.94%),对头孢哌酮/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星耐药较低;G+球菌金黄色葡萄球菌检出率最高(8.23%),对万古霉素敏感。结论规范的医疗行为,积极治疗原发病,严格把握抗菌药物的使用原则,是有效预防及控制医院感染的关键。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the bacteria strains isolated from the patients with acute cerebral infarction and to prevent and decrease the occurrence of hospital required infection. METHODS We studied 826 patients with acute cerebral infarction in the department of neurology, investigated the origin of infection and etiological factor, and analyzed the sensitivities to antibiotics of 1127 bacteria strains. RESULTS It was common that hospital required infection occurred in the patients of acute cerebral infarction, respiratory and urinary systems were the most common sites. Klebsiella Pneurnoniae was the top one in gram-negative bacteria （18.94 %）, Esherichia coli was the top one in gram-negative bacteria （8. 23%）. CONCLUSIONS Standard medical management, effective therapy to the original diseases, proper application of antibiotics play the key roles in preventing and decreasing hospital required infection.