结核分枝杆菌在临床治疗中的耐药变迁

Variance of Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Clinical Treatment

目的了解海盐县自肺结核患者分离出的结核分枝杆菌在治疗过程中耐药的变迁情况,以利于抗结核治疗中抗菌药物的合理调整与选用。方法对痰涂片阳性的新发初治肺结核患者,行痰结核分枝杆菌培养,阳性菌株采用高、低两药物浓度进行4种抗结核药物耐药性测试,同时用实时PCR法对结核分枝杆菌的耐药基因rpoB和katG突变进行检测,同时观察治疗2个月后分离菌株的耐药性检测。结果131例痰培养阳性肺结核患者初始耐药率14.5%,经治疗2个月后分离菌株性耐药率37.8%;初始分离株rpoB和katG的突变率为14.5%和8.4%,耐药基因总携带率16.8%;治疗2个月后分离株rpoB和katG的突变率为39.2%和25.7%,耐药基因总携带率44.6%。结论结核病患者分离出的结核分枝杆菌在初始治疗时已存在有耐药性,而治疗过程有可能使其耐药性增加;在抗结核治疗前及在治疗过程中对结核分枝杆菌进行耐药性及耐药基因检测很有意义。

OBJECTIVE To understand the variance of antimicrobial resistance and the mutations of resistant genes of Mycobacteriurn tuberculosis isolates in Haiyan area and to be helpful for infection therapy. METHODS For the patients with the positive smears of sputum, the M. tuberculosis was isolated from by sputum. The antimicrobial resistance of the isolates was detected by high and low concentration of antimicrobial agents method. The resistant-genes mutations of rpoB ane katG genes were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS Among the 131 strains of clinical M. tuberculosis isolates, the total antimicrobial-resistant rate was 14.5 %. In the patients after 2 month therapy, the total antimicrobial-resistant rate was 37. 8%. The mutations of rpoB ane katG genes were 14.5% and 8.4% in the initially isolated strains, but 39.2% and 25.7% in the strains after 2 month therapy. CONCLUSIONS The drug-resistance of M. tuberculosis isolates in this area existsd before therapy of anti-infection, and, it can increase therapy time. It is important to detect the resistance and the resistant-genes mutations of the isolates.